Kisspeptin

Kisspeptin is a peptide hormone encoded by the KISS1 gene. It is the most potent activator of GnRH neurons and is essential for puberty onset and fertility. Research has explored its use for infertility and as a diagnostic test for hypogonadism.

PubMed results: 3,202 · Human studies: 1,175 · Animal studies: 2,795

Ranges reflect protocols studied in published research and animal-model extrapolation. Presented for research purposes only, not a recommendation or instruction for human use.

Doses studied in published research. Information presented for research purposes only, not a recommendation for human use.

• Intravenous — standard range 1-6.4 nmol/kg, Single dose

4 minutes (KP-10) (moderate confidence)

• GnRH neuron activation and HPG-axis research (Strong clinical): Kisspeptin, encoded by KISS1, is among the most potent activators of GnRH neurons and has been extensively studied as essential for puberty onset, fertility regulation, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis control
• Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and amenorrhea research (Moderate clinical): Clinical research has examined kisspeptin for diagnostic and investigational use in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hypothalamic amenorrhea, and related infertility contexts including Kallmann syndrome research
• Assisted fertility pathway research (Moderate clinical): Studies have explored kisspeptin as an investigational trigger of gonadotropin release in fertility research settings, including comparisons with conventional HCG-based oocyte-maturation approaches
• Prostate neoplasm research contexts (Limited): KISS1/kisspeptin pathway biology has been investigated in prostate cancer and prostatic neoplasm research, with mechanistic interest distinct from its reproductive-axis stimulatory roles

• Injection site reactions — Mild, Common. Parenteral kisspeptin administration in clinical research commonly produces mild local injection-site discomfort
• Transient flushing or warm sensation — Mild, Uncommon. Clinical kisspeptin studies have reported mild vasomotor symptoms consistent with acute neuroendocrine activation in some participants
• Nausea — Mild, Uncommon. Gastrointestinal discomfort has been noted in some investigational kisspeptin administration studies, generally mild and self-limited

• Hormone-dependent malignancy research cautions (Theoretical / Preclinical): Kisspeptin stimulates GnRH and downstream gonadotropins/sex steroids, so research frameworks apply caution where HPG-axis activation is undesirable, including certain hormone-sensitive tumor contexts
• Pregnancy research exclusions (Clinical): Investigational kisspeptin protocols typically exclude pregnancy because HPG-axis stimulation is not appropriate outside carefully controlled reproductive-medicine research designs

Lyophilized (powder): Refrigerated (2-8°C), Up to 24 months. Light sensitive: yes, store dark

Reconstituted (solution): Refrigerated (2-8°C), 4-6 weeks. Solvent: Bacteriostatic water

• NCT06970457 — The Interaction of Body Composition, Sex Hormones and Exercise in Men (NA), status: RECRUITING. Indications: Normal-weight Obesity
• NCT05633966 — Kisspeptin Administration Subcutaneously to Patients With Reproductive Disorders (PHASE1), status: COMPLETED. Indications: Hypothalamic Amenorrhea, Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
• NCT02877992 — Tachykinin and Kisspeptin Expression in Human Granulosa and Cumulus Cells (NA), status: COMPLETED. Indications: Infertility
• NCT01132404 — Study in Men With Prostate Cancer to Assess the Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Testosterone-Lowering Efficacy of TAK-448 (PHASE1 / PHASE2), status: TERMINATED. Indications: Prostate Cancer, Prostatic Neoplasms
• NCT03315325 — Age-dependent Changes in the Responsiveness of Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonadal Axis in Men (PHASE3), status: COMPLETED. Indications: Sterility, Reproductive
• NCT00914823 — Kisspeptin Administration in the Adult (PHASE1), status: COMPLETED. Indications: Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism, Kallmann Syndrome, GnRH Deficiency, PCOS, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Hyperprolactinemia
• NCT03771326 — KP-10 and Insulin Secretion in Men (PHASE3), status: COMPLETED. Indications: Kisspeptin Action on Insulin in Healthy Normal Men, Kisspeptin Action on Insulin in Obese Diabetic Men
• NCT04648969 — Prolonged Pulsatile Kisspeptin Administration in Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (PHASE2), status: COMPLETED. Indications: Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
• NCT05971836 — The Molecular Basis of Inherited Reproductive Disorders, status: RECRUITING. Indications: Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism, Reproductive Disorder, Kallmann Syndrome, Delayed Puberty
• NCT06501729 — Kissing as a Protective Factor Against Acidic pH in Saliva (NA), status: COMPLETED. Indications: Dental Caries, Tooth Demineralization, Teeth Erosion Limited to the Enamel
• NCT06204965 — The Impact of Time-restricted Eating on the Outcomes Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (NA), status: UNKNOWN. Indications: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
• NCT04371991 — Kisspeptin Levels in Early Pregnancy, status: COMPLETED. Indications: Early Pregnancy, Ectopic Pregnancy
• NCT03286517 — Link Between the Sensitivity of Kisspeptin Signalling and Pubertal Onset in Boys. (PHASE3), status: COMPLETED. Indications: Reproductive Physiological Phenomena
• NCT06545994 — A Prospective Cohort Study on the Serum Kisspeptin Levels Throughout Pregnancy in PCOS, status: RECRUITING. Indications: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Pregnancy Complications
• NCT05835089 — Evaluation of Some Puberty-related Hormones Among Children and Adolescents With Chronic Kidney Diseases, status: UNKNOWN. Indications: Evaluation of Some Puberty-related Hormones Among Children and Adolescents With Chronic Kidney Diseases
• NCT01956851 — Association of Kisspeptin Levels With Insulin Secretion in Diabetes Mellitus, status: COMPLETED. Indications: Diabetes Mellitus
• NCT03877939 — Detection of Kisspeptins and miRNAs in Patients With Non-viable Pregnancy, status: COMPLETED. Indications: Non-Viable Pregnancy
• NCT07224438 — Kisspeptin Administration Subcutaneously to Patients With Hypothalamic Amenorrhea (PHASE2), status: RECRUITING. Indications: Hypothalamic Amenorrhea, Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
• NCT04012632 — Kisspeptin/GPR54 Pathway and Early Puberty, status: COMPLETED. Indications: Puberty, Precocious
• NCT04958109 — Evaluation of Kisspeptin Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion With Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (PHASE1), status: COMPLETED. Indications: Metabolic Diseases